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IDO抑制剂:Indoximod、NLG919、INCB024360

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49194 48 mindfury 发表于 2014-3-22 21:12:26 | 精华 |

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IDO(吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶)在部分恶性肿瘤中表达增强,通过分解色氨酸抑制T细胞激活介导免疫逃逸。目前处于临床实验阶段的IDO抑制剂有三个:NewLink Genetics公司的Indoximod和NLG919、Incyte公司的INCB024360。

INCB024360单药治疗转移恶性肿瘤一期临床实验中,52名患者中有15名病情稳定超过8周、8名病情稳定超过16周,没有患者部分缓解。

Indoximod在与多西他赛联用的转移性实体瘤一期临床试验中,可评估疗效的22名患者中4名部分缓解、9名病情稳定。

目前来看此靶点单药效果有限,还是要看与其他药物联用效果如何,尤其是CTLA-4/PD-1抑制剂。

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请问针对什么癌的  发表于 2015-2-10 16:17
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51条精彩回复,最后回复于 2017-9-22 21:47

seacat  版主 发表于 2014-3-22 22:14:55 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 广东广州
有小分子药物吗?
mindfury  初中二年级 发表于 2014-3-22 22:15:56 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 山西
seacat 发表于 2014-3-22 22:14
有小分子药物吗?

这3个都是小分子。
seacat  版主 发表于 2014-3-22 22:18:03 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 广东广州
mindfury 发表于 2014-3-22 22:15
这3个都是小分子。

那不错,有YL版的希望。
真想一觉醒来,我在小学教室对着小学同桌说:“我做了好长一个梦。”
seacat  版主 发表于 2014-3-23 12:57:21 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 广东广州
这类药物也可能和低剂量CTX(环磷酰胺)联合。低剂量CTX可以减少调节性T细胞数量,而增加T细胞数量,增强免疫力,同时还有抗血管生成作用。
真想一觉醒来,我在小学教室对着小学同桌说:“我做了好长一个梦。”
做凡人  高中一年级 发表于 2014-6-1 09:26:22 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 美国
不知道有人有兴趣试药吗,我对INCB024360很有兴趣
sunshiney  初中一年级 发表于 2014-6-5 16:53:16 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 上海
IDO抑制剂,这个还很前期。他和自身免疫有关,也有文章说他参与了细胞周期的调控。但是有一点是比较确切的,他的单用药效不好。不然他也不会急着找Merck和BMS合作了。
costa_na  大学三年级 发表于 2014-6-30 12:59:17 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 四川阿坝州马尔康县
Bristol-Myers Squibb and Incyte Enter Clinical Collaboration Agreement to Evaluate Combination Regimen of Two Novel Immunotherapies

Phase I/II study to evaluate nivolumab, Bristol-Myers Squibb’s investigational PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor with Incyte’s investigational oral IDO1 inhibitor for multiple cancers

NEW YORK & WILMINGTON, Del.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--May 27, 2014-- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (NYSE: BMY) and Incyte Corporation (Nasdaq: INCY) announced today the establishment of a clinical trial collaboration to evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of a combination regimen of Bristol-Myers Squibb’s investigational PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab, and Incyte’s oral indoleamine dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) inhibitor, INCB24360, in a Phase I/II study. Multiple tumor types will be explored in the study, which could potentially include melanoma, non-small cell lung (NSCLC), ovarian, colorectal (CRC), squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Nivolumab and INCB24360 are part of a new class of cancer treatments known as immunotherapies that are designed to harness the body’s own immune system in fighting cancer. Nivolumab and INCB24360 target distinct regulatory components of the immune system, and there is preclinical evidence suggesting that the combination of these two agents may lead to an enhanced anti-tumor immune response compared to either agent alone.

“Bristol-Myers Squibb is committed to pursuing the full potential of its immuno-oncology portfolio through the study of promising approaches to combination regimens,” stated Michael Giordano, senior vice president, Oncology and Immunosciences Development. “Given the encouraging data for Incyte’s IDO1 inhibitor and our current understanding of nivolumab’s anti-tumor immune response, we see this as an important area of study to add to our broad clinical development program.”

“The field of immunotherapy has the potential to transform the treatment of many cancers and significantly improve patient outcomes,” stated Hervé Hoppenot, President and Chief Executive Officer of Incyte. “Given the synergistic activity we have seen with our IDO1 inhibitor when combined with checkpoint inhibitors in preclinical models, and based on our emerging clinical data, we look forward to collaborating with Bristol-Myers Squibb to explore this combination across a wide range of tumor types.”

The study, which is expected to begin in the fourth quarter of 2014, will be co-funded by the companies and conducted by Incyte. Additional details of the collaboration were not disclosed.

About Nivolumab

Cancer cells may exploit “regulatory” pathways, such as checkpoint pathways, to hide from the immune system and shield the tumor from immune attack. Nivolumab is an investigational, fully-human PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor that binds to the checkpoint receptor PD-1 (programmed death-1) expressed on activated T-cells. By blocking this pathway, nivolumab can enable the immune system to resume its ability to recognize, attack and destroy cancer cells.

Bristol-Myers Squibb has a broad, global development program in place to study nivolumab in multiple tumor types consisting of more than 35 trials – as monotherapy or in combination with other therapies – in which more than 7,000 patients have been enrolled worldwide. Among these are several potentially registrational trials in NSCLC, melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. In 2013, the FDA granted Fast Track designation for nivolumab in these three tumor types.

About INCB24360

INCB24360 is an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of IDO1 that has nanomolar potency in both biochemical and cellular assays, potent activity in enhancing T lymphocyte, dendritic cell and natural killer cell responses in vitro, with a high degree of selectivity. INCB24360 has been shown to be efficacious in mouse models of cancer as a single agent and in combination with cytotoxic and immunotherapy agents, and its ability to reduce tumor growth is dependent on a functional immune system – consistent with its proposed mechanism of action. A Phase I dose-escalation trial demonstrated that INCB24360 results in greater than 90 percent inhibition of IDO1 activity at generally well-tolerated doses.

INCB24360 is currently in Phase I/II development for metastatic melanoma in combination with ipilimumab (www.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01604889) and as monotherapy for ovarian cancer (www.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01685255). Incyte has also established a clinical agreement with Merck to combine INCB24360 with Merck’s novel anti-PD-1 immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitor in a non-small cell lung cancer study.
costa_na  大学三年级 发表于 2014-6-30 13:08:27 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 四川阿坝州马尔康县
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tumor-induced tolerance

David H. Munn1 and Andrew L. Mellor2

Tumors arise from normal cells of the body through genetic mutation. Although such genetic mutation often leads to the expression of abnormal antigens, the immune system fails to respond effectively to these antigens; that is, it is tolerant of these antigens. This acquired state of tolerance must be overcome for cancer immunotherapy to succeed. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is one molecular mechanism that contributes to tumor-induced tolerance. IDO helps create a tolerogenic milieu in the tumor and the tumor-draining lymph nodes, both by direct suppression of T cells and enhancement of local Treg-mediated immunosuppression. It can also function as an antagonist to other activators of antitumor immunity. Therefore, strategies to block IDO might enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy.

JCI31178.pdf (467.2 KB, 下载次数: 23)
costa_na  大学三年级 发表于 2014-6-30 13:51:38 | 显示全部楼层 来自: 四川阿坝州马尔康县
Eosinophil Granulocytes Account for Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase–Mediated Immune Escape in Human Non Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a catabolizing enzyme of tryptophan, is supposed to play a role in tumor immune escape. Its expression in solid tumors has not yet been well elucidated: IDO can be expressed by the tumor cells themselves, or by ill-defined infiltrating cells, possibly depending on tumor type. We have investigated IDO expression in 25 cases of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, we found that IDO was expressed not by tumor cells, but by normal cells infiltrating the peritumoral stroma. These cells were neither macrophages nor dendritic cells, and were identified as eosinophil granulocytes. The amount of IDO-positive eosinophils varied in different cases, ranging from a few cells to more than 50 per field at 200 magnification. IDO protein in NSCLC was enzymatically active. Therefore, at least in NSCLC cases displaying a large amount of these cells in the inflammatory infiltrate, IDO-positive eosinophils could exert an effective immunosuppressive action. On analyzing the 17 patients with adequate follow-up, a significant relationship was found between the amount of IDO-positive infiltrate and overall survival. This finding suggests that the degree of IDO-positive infiltrate could be a prognostic marker in NSCLC.

1-s2.0-S1476558605800703-main.pdf (592.25 KB, 下载次数: 16)

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